• Inexpensive
• Control heat loss for heated liquids
• Control cold loss for cooled liquids
• Reduces fumes
• Stop odors
• Conserve expensive chemicals
• Avoid splashing and condensation
• Save energy

While polyethylene is chemically non-reactive, strong oxidizing agents have some effect over a long period of time. HDPE is more resistant to attack than LDPE. Maximum recommended temperature for HDPE is 82°C (180°F) and for LDPE is 49°C (120°F). Polypropylene is better than polyethylene in chemical and temperature resistance except with oxidizing agents where polyethylene is preferable. Maximum recommended temperature of polypropylene is 104°C (220°F).

In general, we recommend that polypropylene balls be used except as stated above and in particular - use HDPE in chromic acid. As outdoor covers, particularly for reducing odor, heat loss, etc., LDPE is generally satisfactory. Specify black balls to withstand sunlight (as balls are usually supplied in opaque white) and, to resist winds, choose larger and heavier balls.

Balls are not guaranteed for use in specific solutions. Please contact us for special applications.

Heat loss data: the amount of heat lost through evaporation for each open square foot of surface depends on the liquid temperature. Remember, balls will save 75% of loss.

Ball diameter: the percentage of area covered by the balls is independent of the ball diameter, being the ratio of a circle to the hexagon which surrounds it or p/2O 3 or 91%. Area covered = area of three 60° segments of circle divided by area of triangle = (3.p r2 ) / (1/2 . 2r . r3) = p/2O 3.